{"id":954,"date":"2025-03-20T13:26:24","date_gmt":"2025-03-20T00:26:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/?p=954"},"modified":"2025-03-20T15:33:44","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T02:33:44","slug":"the-cooperative-principle-and-neurodivergent-communication","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/2025\/03\/20\/the-cooperative-principle-and-neurodivergent-communication\/","title":{"rendered":"The Cooperative Principle, and Neurodivergent Communication"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Communication is more than just exchanging words; it\u2019s about <strong>effectively conveying meaning<\/strong> so that both the speaker and listener understand each other. Linguist Paul Grice introduced the Cooperative Principle to explain how people engage in meaningful conversations. This principle is guided by four fundamental maxims: <strong>Quantity<\/strong>, <strong>Quality<\/strong>, <strong>Relation<\/strong>, and <strong>Manner<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>While these maxims describe typical conversational expectations, it&#8217;s essential to recognise that neurodivergent individuals, including autistic people, may engage with communication differently. Understanding these differences can help foster better conversations across neurotypes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Cooperative Principle: What Is It?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Grice\u2019s <strong>Cooperative Principle<\/strong> states that individuals communicate in a way expected to be <strong>truthful, informative, relevant, and clear<\/strong>. This principle assumes that speakers are working together in a conversation, rather than misleading or confusing one another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To ensure effective communication, Grice outlined four conversational maxims that people typically follow\u2014consciously or unconsciously. However, these maxims are based on <strong>allistic<\/strong> (non-autistic) communication norms and may not fully account for autistic communication styles, which can prioritise precision, directness, and depth differently from allistic expectations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Four Maxims of Conversation and Neurodivergent Perspectives<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Maxim of Quantity: Be Informative<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This maxim is about providing the <strong>right amount of information<\/strong>\u2014not too much, not too little.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Allistic people may expect <strong>brief<\/strong>, socially acceptable answers that balance detail and conciseness.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Autistic individuals often value <strong>thoroughness and accuracy<\/strong>, sometimes providing more detail than allistics might expect. This is not &#8220;over-explaining&#8221; but rather an attempt to be precise and helpful.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Example<\/strong>: &#8220;Where is the nearest petrol station?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Allistic<\/strong>: &#8220;It&#8217;s two blocks ahead on the left.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Autistic<\/strong>: &#8220;It&#8217;s two blocks ahead on the left. If you&#8217;re looking for a cheaper option, there&#8217;s another one three blocks further, and that one has better reviews for customer service.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Misinterpretation Risk:<\/strong> Allistic individuals might perceive the autistic response as excessive, while autistic individuals might feel frustrated by vague responses lacking useful details.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d5ddcc\" data-has-transparency=\"true\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d5ddcc;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"818\" height=\"674\" src=\"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Quantity-Be-Informative-png.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-960 has-transparency\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Quantity-Be-Informative-png.webp 818w, https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Quantity-Be-Informative-300x247.webp 300w, https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Quantity-Be-Informative-768x633.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 818px) 100vw, 818px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Maxim of Quality: Be Truthful<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This maxim ensures that communication is <strong>honest and based on evidence<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Allistic:<\/strong> White lies and social niceties are often used to maintain harmony.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Autistic:<\/strong> Honesty is highly valued, often to a greater extent than social norms dictate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Example<\/strong>: &#8220;Did you like my presentation?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Allistic<\/strong>: &#8220;Yes, it was great!&#8221; (Even if they had some critiques)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Autistic<\/strong>: &#8220;It was well-structured, but I think the data visualisation could be clearer. Would you like some feedback?&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Misinterpretation Risk:<\/strong> Allistics might view this directness as &#8220;blunt&#8221; or &#8220;rude,&#8221; while autistic individuals might struggle with indirect or insincere responses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0\"><img data-dominant-color=\"aec8c9\" data-has-transparency=\"true\" style=\"--dominant-color: #aec8c9;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"855\" height=\"290\" src=\"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Quality-Be-Truthful-png.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-959 has-transparency\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Quality-Be-Truthful-png.webp 855w, https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Quality-Be-Truthful-300x102.webp 300w, https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Quality-Be-Truthful-768x260.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 855px) 100vw, 855px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Maxim of Relation: Be Relevant<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Contributions should be <strong>logically connected<\/strong> to the conversation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Allistic:<\/strong> Social cues often dictate what is considered &#8220;relevant.&#8221; There may be an expectation to stay &#8220;on topic&#8221; even if connections are abstract.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Autistic:<\/strong> individuals may make <strong>deep or lateral connections<\/strong> that allistic listeners do not immediately see as relevant but are logical within their framework.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Example<\/strong>: &#8220;How was your weekend?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Allistic<\/strong>: &#8220;It was great! I went hiking.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Autistic<\/strong>: &#8220;It was great! I went hiking, which reminded me of a documentary about environmental conservation. Did you know deforestation has increased by 30% in the last decade?&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Misinterpretation Risk:<\/strong> Allistic individuals might see this as &#8220;going off on a tangent,&#8221; while autistic individuals might find small talk <strong>shallow or unengaging<\/strong> compared to deeper discussions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0\"><img data-dominant-color=\"cce0d8\" data-has-transparency=\"true\" style=\"--dominant-color: #cce0d8;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"818\" height=\"626\" src=\"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Relation-Be-Relevant-1-png.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-962 has-transparency\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Relation-Be-Relevant-1-png.webp 818w, https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Relation-Be-Relevant-1-300x230.webp 300w, https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Relation-Be-Relevant-1-768x588.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 818px) 100vw, 818px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Maxim of Manner: Be Clear<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This maxim focuses on <strong>avoiding ambiguity and being organised<\/strong> in speech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Allistic Communication:<\/strong> Social conventions often allow for vague, implied meanings and indirect phrasing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Autistic Communication:<\/strong> Clarity and <strong>literal language<\/strong> are often prioritised, and indirect communication may be confusing or frustrating.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Example<\/strong>: &#8220;It&#8217;s lunchtime.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Allistic<\/strong>: <em>Understands this as asking if they would like to have lunch together.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Autistic<\/strong>: \u201cYes, it is.\u201d <em>Simply confirming the factual statement<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Misinterpretation Risk:<\/strong> Allistics may expect implied meanings to be understood without direct statements, while autistic individuals may prefer explicit wording to avoid misinterpretation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0\"><img data-dominant-color=\"9ab8b9\" data-has-transparency=\"true\" style=\"--dominant-color: #9ab8b9;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"614\" height=\"362\" src=\"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Manner-Be-Clear-png.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-963 has-transparency\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Manner-Be-Clear-png.webp 614w, https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Grices-Maxim-Manner-Be-Clear-300x177.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Flouting and Violating the Maxims Across Neurotypes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>While people generally follow these maxims, they sometimes <strong>deliberately break them<\/strong> to imply hidden meanings (flouting) or deceive (violating). Different neurotypes may experience these violations differently.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Flouting a Maxim (Creating Implicature)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Speakers sometimes <span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\">intentionally break a maxim<\/span> to create an implied meaning (known as conversational implicature). If these implied meanings are too subtle, autistic individuals might struggle with them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Example (Flouting Quantity, Allistic Style):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>A:<\/strong> &#8220;How was the meeting?&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>B:<\/strong> &#8220;Well\u2026 everyone showed up.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(Implies the meeting was unproductive without directly saying so)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Potential Autistic Response:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>A:<\/strong> &#8220;Does that mean it was a waste of time?&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(Clarifies the implied meaning rather than assuming it)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e3e8e7\" data-has-transparency=\"true\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e3e8e7;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"782\" height=\"614\" src=\"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Flouting-a-Maxim-Creating-Implicature-png.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-965 has-transparency\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Flouting-a-Maxim-Creating-Implicature-png.webp 782w, https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Flouting-a-Maxim-Creating-Implicature-300x236.webp 300w, https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Flouting-a-Maxim-Creating-Implicature-768x603.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 782px) 100vw, 782px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Violating a Maxim (Misleading the Listener)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike flouting, a <strong>violation<\/strong> is when someone <strong>intentionally misleads<\/strong> without signalling an alternative meaning. Autistic individuals may struggle with these violations as they often <strong>expect honesty<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Example (Violating Quality, Allistic Style):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Q:<\/strong> &#8220;Did you submit the report?&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A:<\/strong> &#8220;Yes, of course!&#8221; (But hasn\u2019t submitted it)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Potential Autistic Response:<\/strong> &#8220;Why did they say they submitted it when they didn&#8217;t?&#8221;  (Difficulty understanding why someone would lie instead of just explaining the delay)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Understanding These Differences Matters<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Recognising these differences in communication styles can help foster <strong>mutual understanding and inclusion<\/strong>: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Allistic<\/strong> individuals can practice being more explicit, patient, and open to detail.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Autistic<\/strong> individuals can advocate for clearer communication expectations in their social environments.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Both<\/strong> groups can develop greater empathy for each other\u2019s conversational styles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>By embracing these differences, we can create more accessible, effective, and meaningful communication for everyone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>A post I wrote in 2009, <a href=\"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/2009\/01\/19\/maybe-no-people\/\">Maybe-No People<\/a>, demonstrates where Maxim of Manner has been a problem for me, though I was unaware of the maxims. I don&#8217;t think that &#8216;maybe&#8217; was used to put me off something as a kid until I forgot about it; I&#8217;m sure that there would have been times when &#8216;maybe&#8217; became a &#8216;yes&#8217; but maybe that was just when I was persistent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Have you experienced these differences in communication? Share your thoughts below!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Communication is more than just exchanging words; it\u2019s about effectively conveying meaning so that both the speaker and listener understand each other. Linguist Paul Grice introduced the Cooperative Principle to explain how people engage in meaningful conversations. This principle is guided by four fundamental maxims: Quantity, Quality, Relation, and Manner.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":956,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","_bluesky_dont_syndicate":"","_bluesky_syndication_accounts":"","_bluesky_syndication_text":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-954","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-verity","category-words","post_format-post-format-image"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/03\/Understanding-Grices-Maxims-the-Cooperative-Principle-and-Neurodivergent-Communication-visual-selection-png.webp","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":799,"url":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/2009\/01\/19\/maybe-no-people\/","url_meta":{"origin":954,"position":0},"title":"Maybe-No People","author":"Brian","date":"19 January 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"Does maybe mean no? To some people, it does. To others, it doesn't. Like the scientists turning on the\u00a0Large Hadron Collider, the chance that something could happen makes me uncomfortable stating things in absolute terms. When I say yes, I will do my best to achieve the outcome. If I\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Words&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Words","link":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/category\/words\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2009\/01\/Maybe.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":685,"url":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/2008\/01\/09\/quote-formula-for-success\/","url_meta":{"origin":954,"position":1},"title":"Quote &#8211; Formula for success","author":"Brian","date":"9 January 2008","format":false,"excerpt":"I cannot give you the formula for success, but I can give you the formula for failure - which is: Try to please everybody. --Herbert B. Swope","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Words&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Words","link":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/category\/words\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2008\/01\/Formula.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":57,"url":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/2004\/09\/05\/lazy-sunday\/","url_meta":{"origin":954,"position":2},"title":"Lazy Sunday","author":"Brian","date":"5 September 2004","format":false,"excerpt":"Today was a quiet day. Returned some DVDs, hired some more, including Predator, just to have a background on the nasty for when I go to see Alien Vs. Predator. I wasn't that impressed with Predator, and going by that I would expect the new movie to be a mismatch\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Day to day&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Day to day","link":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/category\/verity\/day-to-day\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":100,"url":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/2004\/09\/30\/shoddy_work\/","url_meta":{"origin":954,"position":3},"title":"Shoddy work","author":"Brian","date":"30 September 2004","format":false,"excerpt":"I saw AVP: Alien Vs. Predator last night. That was a mistake. I thought the opening was good, with the silhouette of an alien-looking spacecraft resolved to be a terrestrial satellite. It went downhill from there. I accept that this sort of movie is just a guessing game as to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Movies&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Movies","link":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/category\/entertainment\/movies\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":221,"url":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/2005\/02\/19\/things_i_hate\/","url_meta":{"origin":954,"position":4},"title":"Things I hate","author":"Brian","date":"19 February 2005","format":false,"excerpt":"There are some things that people do that I dislike intensely. When someone puts himself or herself down. Being uneducated is not stupid. Intolerance. Sometimes, people refuse to consider that someone else's life leads them up different paths and that they do things that fulfil their needs. Being told that\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Rants&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Rants","link":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/category\/verity\/rants\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2005\/02\/Peeves.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":110,"url":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/2004\/10\/07\/regarding_the_army\/","url_meta":{"origin":954,"position":5},"title":"Regarding the Army","author":"Brian","date":"7 October 2004","format":false,"excerpt":"To balance my previous post let me say I'm also in agreement with NZPundit Regarding the Army. I know I could not have dealt with the way the military needs to condition its people to act as needed, but an army needs people who can do so, and do well;\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Local News&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Local News","link":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/category\/news\/local-news\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/954","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=954"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/954\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":997,"href":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/954\/revisions\/997"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/956"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=954"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=954"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shadowfoot.com\/footprint\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=954"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}